Seventh Semester · BCA 401
Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking Notes
A dedicated BCA World study page for this subject, aligned to the TU BCA 2025 curriculum units.
How to study this subject
For each unit, learn the definition, understand the process, practise one example, and finish by explaining the concept in your own words. Use the model questions after completing the unit notes.
Unit-by-unit notes
01
Cybersecurity principles, threat modelling, and ethical/legal boundaries
Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of cybersecurity principles, threat modelling, and ethical/legal boundaries. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking.
- Define the key terms and identify the main components.
- Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
- Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.
02
Reconnaissance, vulnerability assessment, and secure enumeration
Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of reconnaissance, vulnerability assessment, and secure enumeration. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking.
- Define the key terms and identify the main components.
- Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
- Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.
03
Web, network, host, wireless, and application security testing
Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of web, network, host, wireless, and application security testing. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking.
- Define the key terms and identify the main components.
- Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
- Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.
04
Exploitation concepts, privilege, persistence, and defensive controls
Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of exploitation concepts, privilege, persistence, and defensive controls. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking.
- Define the key terms and identify the main components.
- Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
- Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.
05
Incident response, reporting, evidence handling, and ethical hacking labs
Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of incident response, reporting, evidence handling, and ethical hacking labs. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking.
- Define the key terms and identify the main components.
- Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
- Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.
Model questions for BCA 401
Short answerDefine cybersecurity principles, threat modelling, and ethical/legal boundaries and mention two important uses.
Define cybersecurity principles, threat modelling, and ethical/legal boundaries and mention two important uses. Answer using a definition, structured explanation, relevant example, and conclusion.
Long answerExplain reconnaissance, vulnerability assessment, and secure enumeration with a suitable diagram, example, or step-by-step method.
Explain reconnaissance, vulnerability assessment, and secure enumeration with a suitable diagram, example, or step-by-step method. Answer using a definition, structured explanation, relevant example, and conclusion.
Practical / applicationApply web, network, host, wireless, and application security testing to solve a small Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking problem. State your assumptions and conclusion.
Apply web, network, host, wireless, and application security testing to solve a small Cyber Security and Ethical Hacking problem. State your assumptions and conclusion. Answer using a definition, structured explanation, relevant example, and conclusion.