Second Semester · BCA 151

Discrete Structure Notes

A dedicated BCA World study page for this subject, aligned to the TU BCA 2025 curriculum units.

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BCA 151 · Discrete Structure

3 credits · 5 curriculum units · Second Semester

How to study this subject

For each unit, learn the definition, understand the process, practise one example, and finish by explaining the concept in your own words. Use the model questions after completing the unit notes.

Unit-by-unit notes

Propositional and predicate logic

Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of propositional and predicate logic. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Discrete Structure.

Define the key terms and identify the main components.
Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.

Sets, relations, functions, and proof techniques

Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of sets, relations, functions, and proof techniques. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Discrete Structure.

Define the key terms and identify the main components.
Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.

Counting, permutations, combinations, and recurrence relations

Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of counting, permutations, combinations, and recurrence relations. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Discrete Structure.

Define the key terms and identify the main components.
Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.

Graphs, trees, traversal, and graph algorithms

Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of graphs, trees, traversal, and graph algorithms. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Discrete Structure.

Define the key terms and identify the main components.
Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.

Algebraic structures and Boolean algebra

Revise the definition, components, workflow, common examples, and practical use of algebraic structures and boolean algebra. Relate it to a small problem or case study from Discrete Structure.

Define the key terms and identify the main components.
Draw or describe the workflow, architecture, formula, or process where relevant.
Connect the idea to a practical BCA example and revise common advantages or limitations.

Model questions for BCA 151

Short answerDefine propositional and predicate logic and mention two important uses.

Define propositional and predicate logic and mention two important uses. Answer using a definition, structured explanation, relevant example, and conclusion.

Long answerExplain sets, relations, functions, and proof techniques with a suitable diagram, example, or step-by-step method.

Explain sets, relations, functions, and proof techniques with a suitable diagram, example, or step-by-step method. Answer using a definition, structured explanation, relevant example, and conclusion.

Practical / applicationApply counting, permutations, combinations, and recurrence relations to solve a small Discrete Structure problem. State your assumptions and conclusion.

Apply counting, permutations, combinations, and recurrence relations to solve a small Discrete Structure problem. State your assumptions and conclusion. Answer using a definition, structured explanation, relevant example, and conclusion.